EV Across Europe

Evidence map

Infra density: what the evidence base looks like

13 publications, 0 of them trials and 0 syntheses. This page describes the shape of that literature rather than summarising its conclusions.

Updated 3 min read 13 citations

Three-lane British motorway with traffic in both directions under a grey sky
Klaus with K · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons
What the evidence on infra density is made of Of 13 publications on this topic, the breakdown by study type: 13 other. 13other (13)
13 publications, by study type. Volume is not strength — the same count can be a settled question or a pile of commentary, and which one it is depends almost entirely on this breakdown. Harvested from PubMed and Crossref; publication type as recorded by the source.

What this literature is made of

A reasonable volume of literature, but weighted towards reviews and observational work rather than trials. That is enough to describe a phenomenon and rarely enough to establish that an intervention works.

The distinction that matters most is between synthesis and primary research. A meta-analysis pools trials and is the closest thing to a settled answer a field produces. A narrative review is one group's reading of the same material and can be selective without being dishonest. Counting them together, which most citation counts do, obscures exactly the thing you want to know.

When the infra density literature was published Publication years for the 13 papers on this topic, grouped into bands from before 2015 through to 2023 onwards. 2023 onwards7 papers2015-20196 papers
Still active. The most recent paper here is from 2026, so this is a field where an answer written today may not hold for long. Publication years as recorded by PubMed and Crossref.

How this page is built

Everything above is computed from the citations this site harvested from PubMed and Crossref, not written by hand. When the weekly harvest finds a new paper on this topic, these counts change and the characterisation changes with them. That is the point: a hand-written claim about how strong an evidence base is starts decaying the day it is written.

Publication type is taken as the source records it. That is imperfect — journals label inconsistently, and a paper indexed as a "review" may be a systematic one — so treat the bands as approximate. They are accurate enough to distinguish a trial literature from a commentary literature, which is the distinction that matters.

Traffic on a German motorway seen from a bridge above the carriageways
Dietmar Rabich · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons

The strongest work on this topic

Ordered by study design first, then recency. The full set is listed in the references below.

  1. Electric Vehicle (EV) Review: Bibliometric Analysis of Electric Vehicle Trend, Policy, Lithium-Ion Battery, Battery Management, Charging Infrastructure, Smart Charging, and Electric Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) — Veza I, Syaifuddin M, Idris M et al., 2024, journal article
  2. Interpretable Station-Level Charging Congestion Pressure Assessment and Multi-Horizon Early Warning for Electric-Vehicle Charging Infrastructure — Shi K, 2026, journal article
  3. User Experience of Public Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure in Shanghai: A Quantitative Analysis — Xie X, Raval S, Deb S, 2026, journal article
  4. Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Deployment in the Mid-Atlantic Region: Comparative Evolution of NEVI Implementation from 2022 to 2026 — Alkhamaiesh S, 2026, journal article
  5. A methodological approach to the deployment of electric vehicle charging infrastructure in urban areas — Kazak P, Pavluchenko D, 2025, journal article
  6. Advancements in Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure: Fast Charging, Wireless Charging, and Smart Grid Integration — Jordan Y. Arpilleda, 2023, journal article
  7. Solar-Powered Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure — Abdula A, Wells S, 2023, journal article
  8. A Corridor-Based Approach to Estimating the Costs of Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure on Highways — Suomalainen E, Colet F, 2019, journal article
  9. Demand Calculation Method for Electric Vehicle Charging Station Locating and Deployment — Csiszár C, 2019, journal article
  10. Performance of Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure: Development of an Assessment Platform Based on Charging Data — Maase S, Dilrosun X, Kooi M et al., 2018, journal article
How much research is there on infra density?
13 publications are indexed here, of which 0 are trials and 0 are syntheses.
Does more research mean a stronger conclusion?
No. Composition matters more than volume — five randomised trials support a claim far better than fifty commentaries, and citation counts do not distinguish between them.
How current is this?
The most recent paper indexed here is from 2026. The set is refreshed weekly from PubMed and Crossref.
Why does this page not tell me the answer?
Because summarising a literature into a conclusion requires reading it, and doing that automatically is how confident nonsense gets published. This page tells you how much weight a conclusion could bear; the articles on this site do the interpreting.

References

Every citation below links to the original peer-reviewed record on PubMed or via DOI. Nothing here is a substitute for medical advice.

  1. Electric Vehicle (EV) Review: Bibliometric Analysis of Electric Vehicle Trend, Policy, Lithium-Ion Battery, Battery Management, Charging Infrastructure, Smart Charging, and Electric Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) Veza I, Syaifuddin M, Idris M, et al. · Energies · 2024 · Journal article DOI
  2. User Experience of Public Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure in Shanghai: A Quantitative Analysis Xie X, Raval S, Deb S · World Electric Vehicle Journal · 2026 · Journal article DOI
  3. Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Deployment in the Mid-Atlantic Region: Comparative Evolution of NEVI Implementation from 2022 to 2026 Alkhamaiesh S · World Electric Vehicle Journal · 2026 · Journal article DOI
  4. Interpretable Station-Level Charging Congestion Pressure Assessment and Multi-Horizon Early Warning for Electric-Vehicle Charging Infrastructure Shi K · World Electric Vehicle Journal · 2026 · Journal article DOI
  5. A methodological approach to the deployment of electric vehicle charging infrastructure in urban areas Kazak P, Pavluchenko D · Power engineering: research, equipment, technology · 2025 · Journal article DOI
  6. Solar-Powered Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure Abdula A, Wells S · Journal of Student Research · 2023 · Journal article DOI
  7. Advancements in Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure: Fast Charging, Wireless Charging, and Smart Grid Integration Jordan Y. Arpilleda · International Journal of Advanced Research in Science, Communication and Technology · 2023 · Journal article DOI
  8. Demand Calculation Method for Electric Vehicle Charging Station Locating and Deployment Csiszár C · Periodica Polytechnica Civil Engineering · 2019 · Journal article DOI
  9. A Corridor-Based Approach to Estimating the Costs of Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure on Highways Suomalainen E, Colet F · World Electric Vehicle Journal · 2019 · Journal article DOI
  10. Performance of Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure: Development of an Assessment Platform Based on Charging Data Maase S, Dilrosun X, Kooi M, et al. · World Electric Vehicle Journal · 2018 · Journal article DOI
  11. Large Scale Electric Car Sharing Stimulates EV Adoption and EVSE Infrastructure Deployment Muller H · World Electric Vehicle Journal · 2016 · Journal article DOI
  12. SAFETY RULES FOR USE IN ELECTRIC VEHICLE CHARGING INFRASTRUCTURE Miličić J, Hederić Ž, Špoljarić Ž, et al. · Safety Engineering · 2016 · Journal article DOI
  13. Lightweight infrastructure for electric vehicle charging Pettersson S · World Electric Vehicle Journal · 2015 · Journal article DOI